MATERI PERTEMUAN BAHASA INGGIS KE 12 PASSIVE VOICE DAN
CONTOH SOALNYA
Assalamualaikum wr wb.
Kali ini kita akan mempelajari Passive voice
1.Pengertian
Passive
voice merupakan sebuah kalimat yang berkebalikan dengan active voice. Dalam kalimat pasif, subjek yang menerima
aksi dan objek yang dimiliki active voice akan
menjadi subjeknya. Dengan kata lain, kalimat pasif ini lebih fokus pada objek
yang menerima sebuah hasil dari suatu aksi.
CONTOH KALIMATNYA
Active
|
Passive
|
He reads novel in his room
|
The novel are read by him in his room
|
My friend writes a letter
|
A letter are written by my friend
|
I am sleep well last night
|
I was slept well last night
|
I am make the cookies
|
The cookies were made by me
|
The teacher was told her
|
She has been told by her teacher
|
Melalui
contoh di atas, dapat dilihat bahwa pada passive voice, objek yang terdapat pada active voice akan menjadi subjek,
sedangkan subjeknya menerima sebuah aksi atau tindakan tertentu.
Seperti “A
letter is written by my friend”, kalimat ini menjelaskan bahwa
sebuah surat ditulis oleh temannya. Dapat dilihat dalam kalimat tersebut bahwa
“surat” menerima sebuah aksi dari “temanku”, yaitu “ditulis”.
2.Rumus Passive Voice
Sama seperti kalimat-kalimat lain dalam bahasa Inggris, kalimat
pasif juga memiliki rumus yang harus diterapkan. Rumus tersebut tentu
berhubungan dengan tenses yang
ada dalam bahasa Inggris. Berikut rumus passive voice berdasarkan tenses yang
ada.
3 Contoh Passive Voice
Setelah mempelajari mengenai rumus-rumus passive voice sesuai
dengan tenses yang
ada, selanjutnya adalah melihat beberapa contoh kalimat pasif. Berikut
beberapa passive voice examples sesuai
dengan tenses yang ada.
1.
Simple Present
1.
Some fruits are eaten by my friends.
2.
My phone was thrown to the floor last week.
3.
The film is recommended by his cousin.
2. Simple past
1.
I was fooled by an advertisement in the banner.
2.
He was already done.
3.
They were heard by all of their friends.
3. Present continuous
1.
My bike is being fixed by my father last night.
2.
The computer is being used by my sister.
3.
Her books are being borrowed by me.
4. Past continuous
1.
She was being told by her mother about their family problems.
2.
We were being confused by the new rules in the school.
3.
The tasks were being done by us.
5. Future continuous
1.
The pasta will be cooked by my mother tomorrow morning.
2.
The last part of my favorite series will be released next week.
3.
She will be gone tomorrow afternoon.
6. Past future continuous
1.
They would be rewarded for their achievements.
2.
The bags should be sold by the end of December.
3.
Some books should be returned to the library as soon as
possible.
7. Present perfect continuous
1.
The meat has been cooked very well by the chef.
2.
I have been told by her about our new projects.
3.
This shirt has been chosen by her sister already.
8. Past perfect continuous
1.
I had been told to always be thankful for everything that I have
by my mother.
2.
They had been fought each other since five months ago.
3.
She had been taught to help each other by her father
9. Future perfect continuous
1.
They would have been a family.
2.
The cookies would have been eaten by us if we came early.
3.
The chemistry subject would have been taught by Mr. Beni if he
didn’t left
10. Past future perfect continuous
1.
They should have been won the olympiade.
2.
We should have been arrived.
3.
The proposal should have been done by his manager as soon as
possible.
4.Contoh Penggunaan Passive Voice dalam
Percakapan Singkat
Percakapan
1
Jean: Woah.. Your sweater is cute!
Elsa: Really? Thank you Jean. This is made by my Mom, I’m so
happy if you think so.
Jean: Your Mom made this? So cool.
Elsa: Yes, She’s been knitted this for two days long.
Jean: Now I know where your talents from.
Elsa: Haha.. Is that so? Wanna try to make it?
Jean: Can I?
Elsa: Ofcourse Jean.
Jean: Woah.. Thank you Elsa!
Elsa: Okay.
Percakapan 2
Ema: Jess, yesterday I’d found a cake shop around here!
Jess: A cake shop? Is it “Carmela’s Cake”?
Ema: You knew it?
Jess: I’ve been lived here all of my life, of course I knew it.
Ema: Why didn’t you told me before? The cake there was so good.
Jess: You like it? I think you had known.
Ema: Yess.. I love it. I didn’t know.
Jess: Sorry Ema. Let’s go there tomorrow afternoon.
Ema: Sure!
Percakapan 3
El: Bro, has you finished the task?
Reza: Not yet. I will be made it tomorrow.
El: How about we make it together?
Reza: Sound good. Let’s make it at your home. I’ll be there at 11 am.
El: Okay, see you tomorrow.
Reza: See you.
Percakapan
4
Nana: You got bullied again?
Rani: Hm..
Nana: Why are they doing this to you!? You’ve done nothing to them.
Rani: I don’t know.
Nana: Ghoss.. You’d better speak up about this. You can’t just let them be.
Rani: I’m scared and I don’t know how.
Nana: Don’t worry, I’ll help you.
Rani: Yeah, thanks Nana. You’re the best.
Percakapan
5
Rey: Hei Nina, where is Caca?
Nina: She’s in the Tropikal Cafe. She’s told me that She’ll go there with
you.
Rey: That’s true, but I forgot that I had promised to go there with her.
Nina: Are you kidding me? She has been waited for 3 hours!
Rey: I knew.. I’m sorry, but she didn’t pick up my calls.
Nina: Just go there already!
Rey: I’m on my way, but the traffic is crowded.
Nina: Gezz… Fine! I’ll try to WhatsApp Caca.
Rey: Okay, thank you Nina. Sorry to bother.
Kalian dapat mencari banyak contoh kalimat dan percakapan lain
baik di buku maupun melalui internet. Agar dapat lebih lagi memahami
mengenai passive voice,
kalian lebih baik mencari dan mengerjakan pula contoh
soal mengenai kalimat pasif ini.
5.Penggunaan Passive Voice
Pemilihan penggunaan antara kalimat aktif maupun pasif
tergantung pada keadaan atau situasi. Terdapat kondisi-kondisi dimana kalian
akan menggunakan passive
voice. Selain itu, penting juga untuk mengetahui siapa pelaku
aksi dalam sebuah kalimat.
Pelaku aksi dapat dimasukkan dalam kalimat saat berada dalam
beberapa kondisi. Apabila pelaku aksi tersebut penting untuk menjelaskan atau
melengkapi sebuah informasi, maka pelaku aksi akan dicantumkan pada kalimat.
Contoh kondisi dan pelaku aksi adalah sebagai berikut:
Kondisi
|
Contoh
|
Keterangan
|
Saat pelaku tindakan merupakan orang
terkenal atau diketahui pasti
|
Suho in True Beauty was played by Cha Eun
Woo.
|
Cha Eun Woo yang merupakan penyanyi dan
aktor terkenal di Korea Selatan memainkan peran Suho dalam drama True Beauty.
Dalam kalimat ini, pelaku tindakan merupakan orang yang telah banyak
diketahui (terkenal).
|
Saat pelaku tindakan tidak diduga
(mengejutkan)
|
I was surprised by the novelist. She’s
just 16 years old but could made an amazing story like this.
|
Pelaku tindakan di sini adalah seorang
anak 16 tahun yang telah membuat novel dengan alur cerita yang sangat bagus.
Lalu, si “aku” merasa terkejut saat mengetahui bahwa sang penulis (pelaku
tindakan) merupakan remaja yang masih berusia 16 tahun.
|
Saat membutuhkan informasi tambahan
|
She’s nice to me. She’s been helped me a
lot.
|
Informasi tambahan yang dimaksud
merupakan kalimat kedua. Pada contoh di samping, kalimat pertama mengatakan
bahwa “dia” merupakan orang yang baik. Kalimat kedua memberikan informasi
tambahan mengapa “dia” disebut baik.
|
Seperti yang telah dibahas bahwa penggunaan passive voice
dibutuhkan dalam beberapa kondisi. Kondisi-Kondisi yang dimaksud antara lain:
Kondisi
|
Contoh
|
Keterangan
|
Pelaku tindakan diketahui
|
The novel is written by Lisa.
|
Dalam kalimat tersebut, Lisa merupakan
seorang novelist dimana ia merupakan orang yang menulis novel. Menulis novel
di sini merupakan tindakan, dan Lisa yang melakukan tindakan tersebut.
|
Pelaku tindakan tidak diketahui
|
My bike has been lost.
|
Sepeda yang hilang bisa saja dicuri atau
dipindahkan oleh orang lain. Banyak kemungkinan yang menjelaskan mengapa
sepeda tersebut hilang. Namun, tidak ada keterangan siapa pelaku tindakan
tersebut.
|
Semua orang merupakan pelaku tindakan
|
Planes have been used by many people to
travel wherever they want.
|
Subjek pada kalimat di samping adalah
pesawat dan dijelaskan bahwa pesawat telah digunakan oleh banyak orang. Sudah
sangat jelas, bahwa semua orang (pengguna pesawat) merupakan si pelaku
tindakan. Tindakannya adalah, naik pesawat.
|
Pelaku tindakan dirahasiakan atau tidak
ingin diketahui
|
She is lied to me.
|
Kalimat tersebut menyatakan bahwa pelaku
tindakan merupakan seorang perempuan, namun tidak menunjukkan identitas atau
siapa tepatnya perempuan tersebut. Dalam kondisi ini, “aku” mengetahui siapa
yang berbohong padanya, namun ia sengaja tidak memberi tahu siapa orang
tersebut.
|
Pelaku tindakan telah disebut di awal
|
Cia has lied to Ben. He was disappointed
|
Pada kalimat pertama telah disebutkan
bahwa Cia berbohong pada Ben. Tindakan yang dilakukan pada kalimat tersebut
adalah “berbohong” dan pelaku tindakan adalah “Cia”. Kalimat selanjutnya
menerangkan bahwa Ben kecewa. Kecewa pada siapa? Tentu Cia. Hal ini telah
dijelaskan pada kalimat pertama.
|
6 .Penggunaan
“Get” dalam Passive Voice
Kata “get” di sini berperan sebagai pengganti to be (am/is/are). Kata ganti to be dengan “get” ini biasa
ditemukan atau digunakan dalam percakapan informal. Berikut struktur
penggunaan “get” dalam passive voice:
Tenses
|
Structure
|
Example
|
Simple present
|
S + Get/gets + V3
|
She get bullied
|
Simple past
|
S + Got + V3
|
She got bullied
|
Simple future
|
S + Will get + V3
|
She will get bullied
|
Present continuous
|
S + Am/is/are + getting + V3
|
She is getting bullied
|
Past continuous
|
S + Was/were + getting + V3
|
She was getting bullied
|
Future continuous
|
S + Am/is/are + going to get + V3
|
She is going to get bullied
|
Present perfect
|
S + Has/have + gotten + V3
|
She has gotten bullied
|
Past perfect
|
S + Had gotten + V3
|
She had gotten bullied
|
Future perfect
|
S + Will have gotten + V3
|
She will have gotten bullied
|
7. Fungsi
Passive Voice
Penggunaan kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris tentunya memiliki sebuah
tujuan atau fungsi seperti kalimat-kalimat lainnya. Lalu, apa fungsinya? Mari
simak beberapa fungsi dari kalimat pasif berikut ini.
1. Melihatkan sebuah
ketertarikan atau berfokus kepada sebuah subjek atau objek yang diberi sebuah
aksi atau tindakan. Apabila active voice berfokus
pada subjek atau objek yang melakukan sebuah aksi atau tindakan, maka hal ini
berkebalikan dengan passive voice yang
mana subjek atau objeklah yang menerima aksi atau tindakan.
2. Saat menggunakan passive voice, kalian dapat lebih menekankan siapa
atau apa pelaku dari sebuah aksi atau tindakan. Penekanan ini biasa menggunakan
“by” yang mengacu pada sang pemberi aksi atau tindakan terhadap subjek atau
objek.
8. Soal dan Jawabannya
Berikut adalah 30 contoh soal Passive Voice dalam bentuk pilihan ganda,
adapun kunci jawaban soal berada di akhir soal
Choose the Correct Answer About Passive
Voice!!!.
1. He tells the lie stories
a. The lie stories is being told by
him b. The lie stories has been
told by him
c. The lie stories was told by him d. The
lie stories is told by him
2. My mother drove the car in the morning
a. The car was droven by my mother
in the morning
b. The car was being droven by my mother in the morning
c. The car has been droven by my mother in the morning
d. The car is droven by my mother in the morning
3. Amman is teaching mathematics in front of students
a. Mathematics is being taught by
Amman in front of students
b. Mathematics is taught by Amman in front of students
c. Mathematics has been taught by Amman in front of students
d. Mathematics was taught by Amman in front of students
4. Do they kick your legs ?
a. Are your legs kicked by
them?
b. Were your legs kicked by them?
c. Has your legs been kicked by them?
d. Will your legs have been kicked by them?
5. We ate something in front of your child.
a. Something was eaten by us in
front of your child
b. Something was being eaten by us in front of your child
c. Something is being eaten by us in front of your child
d. Something should be eaten by us in front of your child
6. I have written questions in my laptop
a. Questions have been written by me
in my laptop
b. Questions are being written by me in my laptop
c. Questions were written by me in my laptop
d. Questions were being written by me in my laptop
7. Suti Haliyana visited trade office yesterday
a. Trade office was visited by Suti
Haliyana yesterday
b. Trade office was being visited by Suti Haliyana yesterday
c. Trade office had been visited by Suti Haliyana yesterday
d. Trade office will be visited by Suti Haliyana yesterday
8. I will visit Surabaya next month.
a. Surabaya will be visited by me
next month b. Surabaya was visited by me next month
c. Surabaya is being visited by me next month d. Surabaya would be visited
by me next month
9. Sultan Fatah conquered Majapahit in 1400 A.D.
a. Majapahit was conquered by Sultan
Fatah in 1400 A.D.
b. Majapahit was being conquered by Sultan Fatah in 1400 A.D.
c. Majapahit should be conquered by Sultan Fatah in 1400 A.D.
d. Majapahit will be being conquered by Sultan Fatah in 1400 A.D.
10. Sultan Fatah has deleted paganism from Java Island
a.Paganism (PENYEMBAHAN BERHALA) has been being deleted by Sultan Fatah
from Java Island
b.Paganism has been deleted by
Sultan Fatah from Java Island
c.Paganism will have been deleted by Sultan Fatah from Java Island
d.Paganism would be being deleted by Sultan Fatah from Java Island
11. Adipati Pajang has made chaos in Java Island
a. Chaos is being made by Adipati Pajang in Java Island
b. Chaos was made by Adipati Pajang in Java Island
c. Chaos has been made by Adipati
Pajang in Java Island
d. Chaos was being made by Adipati Pajang in Java Island
12. He will pay someone to kill Sunan Kudus
a. Someone would be paid by him to kill Sunan Kudus
b. Someone was paid by him to kill Sunan Kudus
c. Someone had been paid by him to kill Sunan Kudus
d. Someone will be paid by him to
kill Sunan Kudus
13. They were cleaning bathroom.
a. Bathroom was being cleaned by
them
b. Bathroom would be being cleaned by them
c. Bathroom will be cleaned by them
d. Bathroom has been cleaned by them
14. My step mother will stab my legs twice
a. My legs would be stabbed by my step mother twice
b. My legs will be stabbed by my
step mother twice
c. My legs will be being stabbed by my step mother twice
d. My legs had been being stabbed by my step mother twice
15. Was he waiting Trimurti at 8 o’clock last night?
a. Was Trimurti being waited by Him
at 8 o’clock last night?
b. Did Trimurti waited by him at 8 o’clock last night?
c. Is Trimurti being waited by him at 8 o’clock last night?
d. Was Trimurti waited by him at 8 o’clock last night?
16. Is Roberto educating Mr. Joko now?
a. Is Mr.Joko being educated by
Roberto now?
b. Was Mr.Joko educating by Roberto now?
c. Did Mr. Joko educated by Roberto now?
d. Has Mr.Joko educated by Roberto now?
17. Did Miss. Khusnul take something in the class yesterday?
a. Did something being taken by Miss
Khusnul in the class yesterday?
b. Was something taken by Miss Khusnul in the class yesterday?
c. Has something taken by Miss Khusnul in the class yesterday?
d. Had something been taken by Miss Khusnul in the class yesterday?
18. My country has changed its capital city five times.
a. Its capital city hasn’t been changed by my country five times
b. Its capital city was changed by my country five times
c. Its capital city was being changed by my country five times
d. Its capital city has been changed
by my country five times
19. Did Syahrian help you to go to Airport?
a. Are you being helped by Syahrians to go to Airport?
b. Were you being helped by Syahrians
to go to Airport?
c. Did you will be being helped by Syahrians to go to Airport?
d. Did you has been helped by Syahrians to go to Airport?
20. They were kissing this ball last night
a. This ball were being kissed by
them the night before
b. This ball were kissed by them the night before
c. This ball would kissed by them the night before
d. This ball will be kissed by them the night before
21. I always hears radio every night
a. Radio always is heard by me every night
b. Radio always was heard by me every night
c. Radio always will be heard by me every night
d. Radio always be heard by me every
night
22. We saw this movie last night at bioscop
a.This movie was seen by us last
night before at bioscop
b.This movie is seen by us last night before at bioscop
d.This movie would be saw by us last night before at bioscop
23. They will play badminton next week
a.Badminton will be played by them
next week
b.Badminton would be played by them next week
c.Badminton was being played by them next week
d.Badminton has been playing by them next week
24. Samsuri is singing a song in radio now
a. A song is being sung by Samsuri
in radio now
b. A song was being sung by Samsuri in radio now
c.A song will be sung by Samsuri in radio now
d. A song would be sung by Samsuri in radio now
25. Rudi will kick this ball tomorrow
a.this ball will be kicked by Rudi
tomorrow
b.this ball would be kicked by Rudi tomorrow
c.this ball will being kicked by Rudi tomorrow
d.this ball will have been kicked by Rudi tomorrow
26. We had tried this game last Sunday
a.This game has been tried by us last Sunday
b.This game will be tried by us last Sunday
c.This game would be tried by us last Sunday
d.This game had been tried by us
last Sunday
27. Indana was listening music at 7 o’clock last night
a.Music was being listened by Indana
at 7 o’clock last night
c.Music has been listened by Indana at 7 o’clock last night
d.Music were being listened by Indana at 7 o’clock last night
28. They had invented something in our land
a.Something had been invented by
them in our land
b.Something has been invented by them in our land
c.Something will be invented by them in our land
d.Something will have been invented by them in our land
29. Yusuf will build the bridge tomorrow
a. The bridge will be built by Yusuf
tomorrow
b.The bridge would be built by Yusuf tomorrow
c. The bridge was being built by Yusuf tomorrow
d. The bridge will being built by Yusuf tomorrow
30. You were pulling this door last night at 8 o’clock
a.this door was being pulled by you
last night at 8 o’clock
b.this door was pullede by you last night at 8
o’clock
c.this door has been pulled by you last night at 8 o’clock
d.this door has being pulled by you last night at 8 o’clock
Itulah beberapa pembahasan mengenai kalimat pasif dalam bahasa Inggris.
Semoga baermanfraat . Mohon maaf atas segala kesalahan Wassalamualaikum wr wb